Chomsky and Hero Worship

James Devine jdevine at popmail.lmu.edu
Sun Oct 11 20:16:12 PDT 1998


Mike Yates writes:
>I'm not sure what Chomsky said about Adam Smith. Of course, Smith is
>not the libertarian some of his modern advocates think and he did think
>that businessmen were ordinarily up to no good from the society's point
>of view. But his view on the detailed division of labor is ridiculous
>as he confuses this with the social division of labor. He does admit
>that people who do detail work are as stupid as it is possible for human
>beings to be. But then he recommends education for the poor saps, in
>homeopathic doses! Plus if I remember correctly Marx suggests that he
>is something of a plagiarist. In any event, if I were a worker I'd put
>my trust in Marx not Smith.

Both Michaels, Perelman and Yates, are right that Smith was no Milton Friedman/Ayn Rand type. I amaze my students by assigning the first few chapters of THE WEALTH OF NATIONS, which is quite readable. They can see pretty clearly that Smith was more complicated than those who invoke his name all the time and wear ties with his picture on them.

Smith definitely liked the free market, but compared to the Absolutist/Mercantilist state. Just as with the vast majority of government programs nowadays, the state sector -- which includes the repressive apparatus of the police, Brad -- benefited the rich and powerful. He hoped that the plebeian sorts would benefit from the free market.

I think it is chapter 8 which is very pro-labor, advocating a version of the efficiency wage hypothesis. The workers would gain, in his story, because the increasing division of labor would imply cheaper commodities while capitalist accumulation and growth would pull up wages. That's nothing but trickle down theory, missing how capitalist accumulation encourages wider and wider gaps in society (absent counteracting institutions like labor unions and the welfare state). Of course, Smith was no socialist.

Smith wasn't a plagiarist because scholarly standards were very different in 1776 than now. But he definitely borrowed from all previous authors (including the famous pin factory example, which I understand is from the French Encyclopedia). He was a synthesist, so there was some originality in his work.

Of course, Marx was better. But we can learn from Smith. We don't have to agree with the politics of someone to learn from them. After all, I learned some stuff from an article or two I read by Brad de Long.

Jim Devine jdevine at popmail.lmu.edu & http://clawww.lmu.edu/Departments/ECON/jdevine.html



More information about the lbo-talk mailing list