SJ Gould on genome

Peter van Heusden pvh at egenetics.com
Sun Feb 25 23:54:21 PST 2001


On Fri, Feb 23, 2001 at 09:16:50AM -0500, Charles Brown wrote:
> CB: I see.
>
> So, the retro virus proteins send a message to the host cell DNA telling
> it to print out retro virus proteins, violating the part of the dogma as
> formulated by Crick which says no protein to nucleic acid messages ?
>
> However, the message to the host cell DNA from the retrovirus protein
> does not change the host cell DNA itself. That would be required for
> violating the dogma against Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics. It
> might even have to be that the protein changes gonadal cells in a way
> that directly impacts the way the next generation of offspring respond
> to this specific protein and virus, this specific aspect of the
> environment to violate the "no IAC" dogma?

No - you've got this wrong - the retroviral nucleic acid is spliced into the DNA of the host cell - i.e. its genes appear as genes in the host cell. Then new viral proteins are synthesized from these genes, since the host cell's protein creation machinery can't treats the 'invader' genes the same as 'its own' genes. So the CD is clearly violated.


>
> I wonder if the difference between the central dogma as stated by Crick
> and violation of Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics dogma might be
> this as I just said.

Well... in so far as retrovirii are probably going to be used to implement 'gene therapies', I guess you could say that they would play a role in the inheritance of acquired characteristics. To clarify - as I understand it, one approach in gene therapy is to take a retrovirus, remove its nucleic acid and replace with a 'fixed' gene (e.g. the correct form of the gene which, if mutated, leads to cystic fibrosis). Then inject the tailored retrovirus into a human, and let it splice the 'fixed' gene into their genome - the result is that the genetic disease that that human had is cured. Of course, the cure is inherited, along with the other genes in the human.

This is, however, different to how I normally have understood the Lamarckian 'inheritence of acquired characteristics' concept. As I've understood that, that is about some response to the environment being inherited. Nothing I know about biology indicates that there is a communications channel which can channel information about the responses to the environment back into the genome of an organisation - that would be a phenotype to genotype information transfer of a kind I'm not familiar with.


>
> However, we are talking retroviruses. No violation of either dogma by
> evidence from human genome project ,no ?

Yeah - as I said, I don't think the HGP should have provoked the discussion it did (from Gould, etc.).


> (((((((((((
>
> CB: I hate capitialism.
>
> I know what I was thinking, but didn't say. Does the sequencing of the
> _human_ genome give some potential insight as to where the viruses are
> plugging into the human host cell DNA or RNA to replicate, another point
> at which the viruses process might be stopped ? This would be something
> from the recent news and project that might help the work of the type
> you are doing.
>
Yep, the HGP is a step towards understanding the 'proteome' - i.e. the complement of proteins in the human body. Understanding that better will give us more of a clue about the human 'targets' the the virii use. Once we've got human figured out, understanding how virii (which are genetically far simpler) interact with human molecular biology will be much easier. Full understanding of human molecular biology is a long way off, though. Some scientists are comparing our position today to that of the viewers of the first decent disections - we know what's there, and now we can start trying to figure out what it means.

Peter P.S. some people are proposing a 'human proteome project' - a large scale effort to map out the structure of all human proteins. That would be a good idea, in my mind. -- Peter van Heusden <pvh at egenetics.com> NOTE: I do not speak for my employer, Electric Genetics "Criticism has torn up the imaginary flowers from the chain not so that man shall wear the unadorned, bleak chain but so that he will shake off the chain and pluck the living flower." - Karl Marx, 1844 OpenPGP: 1024D/0517502B : DE5B 6EAA 28AC 57F7 58EF 9295 6A26 6A92 0517 502B



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