I'm pretty sure that most demographers recognize a rise in the status of women as discouraging large families. After all, women bear most if not all of the cost of childbirth & child-raising, while men get most of the benefits (especially in ultrapatriarchal societies).
Also, I'd bet that the more people have access to TV, the less they have children. -- Jim Devine "Segui il tuo corso, e lascia dir le genti." (Go your own way and let people talk.) -- Karl, paraphrasing Dante.