My understanding of digital recording or music, or pictures, is that quality depends pretty much on an arbitrary decision that balances the amount of information (i.e. file size) and the quality of sound or image. If a decision is made to lower the amount information, e.g. to cram more stuff on a single disk or a memory card, the quality will invariable suffer. My understand of the CD and DVD format is that CD has much lower capacity to hold information in is thus more prone for decisions sacrificing quality for volume .
So what you were observing were probably differences due an executive decision to use one CD disk at the expense of slightly lower sound quality instead of two to have better sound quality.
Evidently, you did not control for that variable. To do so, you would have to compare two media that uses highest possible in each medium quality.
Furthermore, there are clear technical differences between analog (vinyl) and digital recordings which are likely to result in discernible differences in sound quality. However, it is possible to emulate the analog quality using the digital recording (e.g. by electronic filters), but it is not possible to emulate the quality of the digital recording using analog recording. This is so, because digital recording contains more informatio0n than analog recording, so one can drop some of the digital detail to but one cannot make up for detail that is absent from the source. Only gurus of privatization can claim geting something out of nothing.
Wojtek