[lbo-talk] RE: An Appeal to Ignorance

C. G. Estabrook galliher at uiuc.edu
Fri Jun 17 15:46:47 PDT 2005


Discussions of science and religion (sc. Christianity) in this country now seem to me to suffer from a serious defect: the Christianity adduced, when it's understood to propose “intelligent design,” is pretty clearly heretical. Heresy, from the the Greek, means roughly a choice, and the those self-styled Christians who put forth this view have chosen to depart from the classic Christian understanding of creation.

The Christian theology of Augustine, Aquinas, etc., held that creation means that God accounts for the fact *that* there is a universe; *how* the universe behaves is a matter of science – Ptolemaic, Aristotelian, Newtonian, Einsteinian, etc. (Aquinas, e.g., agreed with Aristotle and Russell that one could not know that the universe had a beginning, although one might believe it.) The ID folks think that, by examining the universe, they can show that it is (in their sense) created. But that is to misunderstand the Christian doctrine and make God a mere demiurge: being created can't possibly make any difference to anything. Wittgenstein was closer to the Christian doctrine when he said, “Not *how* the world is, but *that* it is, is the mystery.”

Stephen Hawking also notes the distinction: “Although science may solve the problem of how the universe began, it cannot answer the question: Why does the universe bother to exist? I don't know the answer to that.” He suggests that you can call that God, if you want to -- and that's what Christianity does.

In concert with the other Abrahamic religions (Judaism and Islam) -– and also with some other theists -– Christianity begins with the unknowability of God: “God” is the label put on the (unknown) answer to the question, Why is there anything instead of nothing? Christianity rejects the pagan view that God is a thing in the universe, or another thing alongside (as it were) the universe; God and the universe could not add up to two. (Two what?). This was the view that caused Christians and Jews to be condemned (rightly) as atheists in the Greco-Roman world.

The Abrahamic religions are constituted by the belief that this unknown God has somehow spoken to humanity -– preeminently at Sinai, in Jesus or the Quran –- and those who think so have been involved in vast arguments about what that can possibly mean. Christians think that they know of God's speaking because the Christian movement -– the church -– hears and responds to it. Obviously, those who do not think that they hear any such thing will have no interest in participating in those arguments -– except perhaps to deplore the senselessness of it all.

Many of the self-proclaimed atheists I know seem quite obsessed with religion, eager for example to refute the (heretical) account of how the world came into existence. A true atheist I think is someone who simply can't see that the existence of the universe poses any problem -– it's just there, and one can't or shouldn't ask why. --CGE



More information about the lbo-talk mailing list