None really - a point that's reinforced by Bartels' analysis of the National Election Survey numbers. A very substantial portion of white voters supports Rep economic policies. Riding my current hobbyhorse, it's a reflection of American Protestantism, which quite likes the market because 1) humans are essentially bad, and need stern discipline, not an indulgent welfare state and, relatedly, 2) the market is a wonderful mechanism of reward and punishment. So, for white Protestants at least, there's no necessary contradiction between the "cultural" and the economic issues.
[WS:] Then why does this American Protestantism come to the fore now but not during, say, the Great Society era, which expanded "indulgent" welfare mechanism? I do not think there has been a dramatic upsurge of the numbers of American Protestants since the 1960s - so clearly something else must be causing that upswing in the support for the market.
My conjecture is that different folks have different uses of-, and different gratifications from- the market mechanism, or rather its idealized image. For the rich it provides a self-serving justification of their own wealth, for the professional folk - it is the epitome of meritocracy, which forms the foundation of their claim to status in a society, for the patriots it is the epitome of American exceptionalism, for the grunts who just "ain't making it" - it provides hope for the future, just like playing the lottery or embracing social programs or even socialism in a different era.
More importantly, the ideology of the market mechanism can be all those different things to different people because it is really the only game in town and faces no serious competition. The downfall of the USSR put the final nail to the coffin of socialism (which did function in the past as an alternative to the market), and the discredited notion of socialism has not been replaced with anything else, at least of comparable gravitas.
I also think that once such an alternative of the comparable gravitas is created and properly marketed, the tables will turn around and many people will embrace it, even some of the evangelicals.
Wojtek