--- Michael Givel <mgivel at earthlink.net> wrote:
> **************
> Actually, from January 1, 1992—August 15, 2006,
> see:
>
http://www.cpj.org/killed/killed_archives/stats.html,
> there were 42 journalists murdered in Russia.
> According to the Committee to Protect Journalists
> from 1992 to 1999 28 were killed in Russia from
> the following confirmed sources below.
>
> A breakdown of the motivations for the murders
> include:
>
> Chechnya related: 13
> 1993 Coup: 7
> Crime organizations: 6
> Other: 2
>
> So another way of looking at this is while there was
> certainly some organized crime hits during the
> 1990s, the bulk of the murders were related to
> Chechnya. A slightly larger amount than organized
> crime related murders also occurred during the 1993
> coup attempt. However, the issue of Chechnya seems
> to be a longer and more salient source with respect
> to these assasinations--the latest receiving
> considerable interest in the west. My take on this:
> all of this is horrendous but unfortunately not all
> news events generate front page news. This one has.
> Another way of looking at this is why has the
> conflict in Chechnya (and other places such as Sri
> Lanka) not generated more interest in the western
> press as has other long term conflicts such as
> Palestine?
>
> **************************
> 0 in 1992
>
> 8 in 1993-- Dmitry Krikoryants, Expresskhronika,
> April 14, 1993, Grozny
>
> Krikoryants, a correspondent for the Moscow-based
> weekly Expresskhronika in the Chechen city of
> Grozny, was murdered in his apartment by unknown
> assailants. After opening machine-gun fire on
> Krikoryants through the door of his apartment, the
> killers broke in, shot him several times in the
> head, and cut his throat. His colleagues fear that
> he was targeted because of his reporting on alleged
> Chechen government corruption in oil trading.
>
> Yvan Scopan, TF-1 Television Company, October 3,
> 1993, Moscow
> Sergei Krasilnikov, Ostankino Television Company,
> October 3, 1993, Moscow
> Rory Peck, ARD Television Company, October 3, 1993,
> Moscow
> Igor Belozyorov, Ostankino State Broadcasting
> Company, October 3, 1993, Moscow
> Vladimir Drobyshev, Nature and Man magazine, October
> 3, 1993, Moscow
> Aleksandr Sidelnikov, Lennauchfilm Studio, October
> 4, 1993, Moscow
> Aleksandr Smirnov, Molodyozhny Kuryer, October 4,
> 1993, Moscow
>
> Six journalists were killed in Moscow during an
> October 1993 Communist hardliner uprising against
> Russian President Boris Yeltsin, which left scores
> of people dead and wounded. One journalist died of a
> heart attack during the siege of the Ostankino
> Television Center.
>
> Scopan, a cameraman for TF-1 Television Company;
> Krasilnikov, a video engineer for Ostankino
> Television Company; Peck, a cameraman for the German
> ARD Television Company; and Igor Belozyorov, an
> editor for the Ostankino State Broadcasting Company
> were killed in a gun battle between the hardliners
> and their supporters and pro-Yeltsin special forces
> units the control of Ostankino Television Center.
> Vladimir Drobyshev died of a heart attack during the
> clash.
>
> Sidelnikov, a cameraman for Lennauchfilm Studio in
> St. Petersburg and Smirnov, with the weekly
> newspaper Molodyozhny Kuryer, were killed at the
> Russian Parliament house when President Yeltsin
> ordered the military to seize the building.
>
> 3 in 1994
>
> Yuri Soltis, Interfax, June 12, 1994, Moscow
>
> Soltis, a crime reporter for the independent news
> agency Interfax, was found beaten to death at a
> train station in the Stroitel district on the
> outskirts of Moscow. Soltis' colleagues told CPJ
> that they believe the reporter's murder is linked to
> his investigation of Russia's criminal underworld.
>
> Dmitry Kholodov, Mosckovski Komsomolets, October 17,
> 1994, Moscow
>
> Kholodov, an investigative reporter for the
> Moscow-based newspaper Mosckovski Komsomolets, was
> killed in a bomb blast at the newspaper's offices.
> Kholodov, who had been investigating mafia
> connections with the military, was killed when he
> opened a briefcase he had been led to believe
> contained secret documents exposing military
> corruption.
>
> Cynthia Elbaum, free-lancer, December 22, 1994,
> Grozny
>
> Elbaum, a 28-year-old American free-lance
> photographer, was killed during a Russian air raid
> over Grozny, capital of the breakaway republic of
> Chechnya.
>
> 5 in 1995
>
> Vladimir Zhitarenko, Krasnaya Zvezda, January 1,
> 1995, Grozny
>
> On December 31, 1994, Zhitarenko, a correspondent
> for the Russian armed forces daily Krasnaya Zvezda,
> was hit by two bullets as he stepped out of an
> armored personnel carrier on a front line near the
> Chechen capital of Grozny. He died the next day.
>
> Jochen Piest, Stern, January, 10, 1995, Chervlyonna
>
> Piest, a correspondent for the German newsmagazine
> Stern, was killed in a suicide attack by a Chechen
> rebel in the village of Chervlyonna, about 15 miles
> (24 kilometers) northeast of the Chechen capital,
> Grozny. The rebel was firing his submachine gun as
> he drove a small diesel locomotive at high speed
> toward an empty Russian troop train parked on the
> track. Piest was fatally hit by three bullets.
> Rossiskaya Gazeta correspondent Vladimir Sorokin was
> wounded in the attack. The gunman died when the
> locomotive collided with the military train.
>
> Viatcheslav Rudnev, free-lancer, February 17, 1995,
> Kaluga
>
> Rudnev, a free-lance journalist who worked in
> Kaluga, a district outside of Moscow, was found on
> February 13 in the hallway of his apartment building
> with a serious skull injury. He died four days later
> in the local hospital. Rudnev was known for his
> exposés of corruption and the criminal underworld,
> which were published in regional newspapers such as
> Znamya (Flag) and Vest (News). Rudnev had apparently
> received death threats prior to the incident and had
> reported them to the local police.
>
> Vladislav Listyev, Russian Public Television (OTR),
> March 1, 1995, Moscow
>
> Listyev, executive director of the newly formed
> public television station OTR, was shot dead as he
> entered his block of apartments. Listyev was one of
> Russia's best-known TV journalists. Some observers
> suspect his murder is connected to a controversy
> over whether to permit advertising on the new
> network.
>
> Farkhad Kerimov, Associated Press TV, May 29, 1995,
> Chechnya
>
> Kerimov, a cameraman with Associated Press TV, was
> shot dead in Chechnya. He was reported missing on
> May 27, and his body was found on May 29.
>
> Natalya Alyakina, Focus and RUFA, June 17, 1995,
> Budyonnovsk
>
> Alyakina, a journalist with dual Russian-German
> citizenship who was working for the German weekly
> magazine Focus and the radio news service RUFA, was
> killed by a Russian soldier. Russian army officials
> had given her permission to cross an army checkpoint
> leading into the southern city of Budyonnovsk, where
> she was going to report on a mass hostage taking by
> Chechen rebels, but she was shot shortly after
> passing through the roadblock.
>
> Shamkhan Kagirov, Rossiskaya Gazeta and
> Vozrozheniye, December 13, 1995, near Grozny
>
> Kagirov, a reporter for the Moscow daily newspaper
> Rossiyskaya Gazeta and the local paper Vozrozheniye,
> was shot and killed in an ambush in Chechnya.
> Kagirov and three local police officers were
> traveling in a car near Grozny when they were
> attacked. The three officers were also killed.
>
> Vadim Alferyev, Segodnyashnyaya Gazeta, December 27,
> 1995, Krasnoyarsk
>
> Alferyev, a crime reporter with Segodnyashnyaya
> Gazeta in Krasnoyarsk, was beaten to death in the
> entrance of his apartment building. Alferyev was
> writing about economic crimes in the region and had
> received repeated threats.
>
> 6 in 1996
>
> Felix Solovyov, free-lancer February 26, 1996,
> Moscow
>
> Solovyov, a free-lance photojournalist and a
> contributor to the German newspaper Bild am Sonntag,
> was fatally shot in central Moscow. Two years
> earlier, he had published a portfolio on Moscow
> mafia groups in three German newspapers. He was in
> Germany discussing story ideas two weeks before his
> death.
>
> Viktor Pimenov, Vaynakh Television, March 11, 1996,
> Chechnya
>
> Pimenov, a cameraman for Vaynakh Television, a
> Chechen station supported by Moscow-backed forces,
> was fatally shot in the back by a sniper positioned
> on the roof of a 16-story building in Grozny, the
> Chechen capital. Pimenov had been filming the
> devastation caused by the March 6-9 raid on the
> city.
>
> Nadezhda Chaikova, Obshchaya Gazeta, March 30, 1996,
> Chechnya
>
> Chaikova, a correspondent for the Russian weekly
> Obshchaya Gazeta who was known for her exposés of
> Russian military atrocities and close contacts with
> the Chechen rebels, was fatally shot,
> execution-style. Her body was discovered March 30
> outside the Chechen village of Gehki. Chaikova was
> known to have filmed the destroyed village of
> Samashki, leveled in an attack by Russian federal
> troops. While Russian federal troops are suspected
> in her death, the killing may have been ordered by
> Chechen fighters acting on rumors spread by Russian
> secret police that she was a spy.
>
> Nina Yefimova, Vozrozhdeniye, May 9, 1996, Chechnya
>
> Yefimova, a reporter for Vozrozhdeniye, a local
> Russian-language newspaper in Grozny, was abducted
> with her mother from their apartment on May 8. Both
> were found dead from bullet wounds the next day in
> different parts of the city. Yefimova had written
> stories about crime in Chechnya.
>
> Viktor Mikhailov, Zabaikalsky Rabochy, May 12, 1996,
> Chita
>
> Mikhailov, a crime reporter for the daily
> Zabaikalsky Rabochy in southeastern Siberia, was
> beaten to death in broad daylight in the city center
> of Chita. He had been working on a series of
> articles about crime and the work of law enforcement
> agencies.
>
> Ramzan Khadzhiev, Russian Public TV (ORT), August
> 11,1996, Chechnya
>
> Khadzhiev, chief of the Northern Caucasus bureau of
> Russian Public Television (ORT), was fatally shot
> while attempting to leave Grozny by car with his
> wife and young son. ORT reported that Chechen rebels
> targeted Khadzhiev, an ethnic Chechen, because he
> supported the Moscow-installed government. But an
> unidentified passenger in their car told NTV,
> Russia's only independent television station, that
> Russian armored vehicles had opened fire on them.
>
> 0 in 1997
> 2 in 1998
>
> Larisa Yudina, Sovietskaya Kalmykia Segodnya, June
> 8, 1998, Elista
>
> Yudina, editor of Sovietskaya Kalmykia Segodnya, the
> only alternative news outlet in Kalmykia, was found
> dead of multiple stab wounds and a fractured skull
> on the outskirts of Elista, capital of the Russian
> autonomous republic of Kalmykia. Yudina, a political
> activist, was frequently harassed and threatened for
> her exposés of local corruption and hard-line rule
> by the republic's president, Kirsan Ilyumzhinov. On
> the day of her disappearance, June 7, she went to
> meet a source who was to provide evidence of
> financial improprieties by local firms. Roreign and
> Russian press freedom groups had documented Yudina's
> troubles with Kalmyk authorities as a journalist and
> as local leader of the liberal opposition Yabloko
> party. The public outcry over her death caused the
> federal prosecutor to take over the case, and three
> suspects were arrested.
>
> Anatoly Levin-Utkin, Yurichichesky Peterburg
> Segodnya, August 24, 1998, St. Petersburg
>
> Levin-Utkin, deputy editor of the weekly newspaper
> Yuridichesky Peterburg Segodnya, was beaten
> unconscious on August 21 in the doorway of his
> apartment and robbed of his briefcase, which
> contained information for the next installment in an
> investigative series on rivalries between local
> financial and political figures. Cash and personal
> valuables were also taken.
>
> The journalist suffered severe brain trauma and died
> on August 24 without ever having regained
> consciousness. The newspaper's editor said in an
> August 25 news conference that he believed the
> murder was connected to the series of investigative
> stories on the customs and secret services published
> in the first two issues of the 3-week-old newspaper,
> for which Levin-Utkin had done research and
> reporting. The editor said he had received phone
> calls demanding the names of those who worked on the
> series but had refused to divulge the information.
> Levin-Utkin had just finished collecting documents
> and photos for the third installment of the series
> on the day he was attacked. In a letter to President
> Boris Yeltsin, CPJ condemned the fatal beating and
> decried the intimidation of journalists and the
> climate of fear in Russia that stifles media
> freedom.
>
> 3 in 1999
> Supian Ependiyev, Groznensky Rabochy, October 27,
> 1999, Grozny
>
> Ependiyev, a veteran correspondent for the
> independent Chechnen weekly Groznensky Rabochy, was
> killed in a Russian army rocket attack on the
> Chechen capital, Grozny.
>
> On the evening of October 27, several rockets hit a
> crowded outdoor market in central Grozny. About an
> hour after the attack, Ependiyev went to the scene
> to cover the carnage for his paper. As Ependiyev was
> leaving the site, a new round of rockets fell about
> 200 meters (60 feet) from the bazaar. He suffered
> severe shrapnel wounds and died in a Grozny hospital
> the next morning, according to CPJ sources.
>
> In previous weeks, heavy Russian artillery fire had
> forced Groznensky Rabochy to move its editorial
> operations to Nazran, in neighboring Ingushetia.
> Ependiyev was one of two correspondents who remained
> in Grozny to cover the Russian military campaign
> against Islamist militants in Chechnya. Until his
> death, the reporter had been making the dangerous
> trek between Grozny and Nazran weekly to file
> stories.
>
> Ramzan Mezhidov, TV Tsentr, October 29, 1999
> Shamil Gigayev, Nokh Cho TV, October 29, 1999
>
> Mezhidov, a free-lance cameraman working for the
> Moscow-based TV Tsentr, and Gigayev, a cameraman for
> independent Nokh Cho Television in Grozny, were
> killed during a Russian air attack on refugees
> fleeing Chechnya.
>
> The journalists were covering a refugee convoy en
> route from Grozny to Nazran, in neighboring
> Ingushetia. As the convoy approached the Chechen
> town of Shaami Yurt, a Russian bomber fired several
> rockets from the air, hitting a busload of refugees.
> Despite warnings from colleagues traveling with
> them, Mezhidov and Gigayev left their vehicle to
> film the carnage. As they approached the bus,
> another Russian rocket hit a nearby truck, fatally
> wounding both journalists.
>
>
>
>
>
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