This is like picking about the exceptions to the Nuremburg Laws. Yeah, there were exceptions. Of all kinds. Technically Jews couldn't own farmland, but Trotsky's family were fairly big Ukrainian farmers -- kulaks, matter of fact.
Main thing: there was a Pale with a zone to which most Russian Jews and virtually all Ashkenazi Jews, subject to certain exclusions, were restricted. And the key thing, Sholom Alechem's Tevye stories were written about life in the Pale, so described. Next thing you are going to go on a Solzhenitsyn rant about Czarist antisemitism was positively benign compared to Soviet antisemitism.
Keep to the point. Yiddishkeit is in part general cultural attachment to and in part sentimental nostalgia for Ashkenazi life in the the Pale and the Eastern European shtetl generally. Yiddishkeit is not really part of the culture of, nor does it involve particular attachment to, the Judaism of the Caucasian Mountains or Karaite Jews.
--- Chris Doss <lookoverhere1 at yahoo.com> wrote:
>
> --- andie nachgeborenen
> <andie_nachgeborenen at yahoo.com> wrote:
> about 1890s
> Russian life in the Pale, the area to which Jews
> were
> restricted under Czarism,
>
> --
>
> That's not really true, actually. Many Jews lived
> outside of the Pale. What is true is that they had
> to
> apply for permission to do so, and this was extended
> to only certain categories -- ex-Army soldiers,
> wealthy Jews and so forth. Rasputin was one person
> who
> facilitated a lot of such permits in exchange for
> favors.
>
> Also this seems to have applied only to Jews who
> lived
> in the Western territories obtained by Catherine the
> Great. There have been Jews living in the Caucasus
> for
> a couple of thousand years -- Mountain Jews,
> Georgian
> Jews and so forth. Quite far from the Pale.
>
> Karaite Jews were a third category. I assume that no
> restrictions applied to them, although they lived in
> the Pale as well, since they acquired non-Jewish
> legal
> status in the mid-1800s.
>
>
>
>
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