No. "One third of the world's population" really means exactly one third of the world's population, but it comprises all people who are "infected with TB bacilli," a majority of whom will never become sick or infectious themselves. "5-10% of people" of them will, though.
<http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs104/en/> Left untreated, each person with active TB disease will infect on average between 10 and 15 people every year. However, people infected with TB bacilli will not necessarily become sick with the disease. The immune system "walls off" the TB bacilli which, protected by a thick waxy coat, can lie dormant for years. When someone's immune system is weakened, the chances of becoming sick are greater.
* Someone in the world is newly infected with TB bacilli
every second.
* Overall, one-third of the world's population is currently
infected with the TB bacillus.
* 5-10% of people who are infected with TB bacilli
(but who are not infected with HIV) become sick
or infectious at some time during their life.
People with HIV and TB infection are much more
likely to develop TB.
-- Yoshie <http://montages.blogspot.com/> <http://mrzine.org> <http://monthlyreview.org/>