andie wrote: "A very substantial number of wage earning workers with no investment income are conservative. Union households are different but there the key variable is obviously union membership." If one accepts Engels' labor aritstocracy thesis, then wouldn't one expect to see a considerable of working class conservatism in the advanced capitalist countries? Engels, himself, after all had been struck by the degree of conservatism that he had observed among the British workers of his day. Jim F.