[lbo-talk] agricultural productivity

brad bauerly bbauerly at gmail.com
Mon Apr 19 09:45:23 PDT 2010


Sean writes:
>I don't buy it. I think they are two separate issues that have
correlations in certain conditions. As I said before, there were other options for the social structure in which the newfound improvements could have been implemented and, as I pointed out, there were real cases in which the enclosure did little to improve productivity per se, instead resulting in a simple accumulation of surplus by those at the top of the pyramid. Finally, the idea that it is the "Capitalists" who do the innovation is not necessarily the truth. As I pointed out, many of the innovations were the result of other farmers who were renters; as Neal Wood points out, the improvement movement (Invisible College and all that) was not innovation per se, just the bureaucratic collectivization of their knowledge into the hands of the ruling class who thereafter enclosed the commons, primitive accumulation and all that. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- You really think that technological innovation is separate from the increases in the division of labor, specialization in work including in science and improvements in communication that aid both of those processes? You think they are just correlated? I don't doubt that some of the new found improvements that you are alluding to could have been implemented in different social structures. You will probably need to be more specific though. Anyway, they weren't and more to the point, the improvements that followed also weren't. I have no idea how you unravel historical process that build on each other into correlations versus causes.

Sean:
>Your claim, for instance, that there was some 2-300
year boom in production that can be attributed mostly to capitalism fails because its two variables--purported political economic system and technological change--don't exist in isolation or even in any purity. on the purported economic system, of course, there is the question of whether the capitalist system was really all that capitalist--or if the gains were actually innovations (instead of skimming surplus in a variety of creative ways) or if those innovations were solely the result of increased competition (the scientific revolution is not the same thing as capitalism, despite what boosters for the latter would have us believe). ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- It is precisely because 'economic' systems and technological change "don't exist in isolation or even in any purity" that the two can't be parceled out with one into separate causes. You can't seal off capitalist pressures and competition from the motives of technological change. It is all with in the same social system. Hence why I and others use social relations instead of saying things like political economic systems. There is not capitalism over there and technological change over there. The technological changes that came during the capitalist era of social relations happened in capitalist social relations. Again, I have no idea how you parcel out how much capitalism did or didn't influence those changes, other then by mental abstraction and a lot of reduction of complex interactions.

Sean:
> I'm saying that it is not a linear relationship by any means and you
are making a far too simplistic conclusion based on a set of corresponding variables that does not necessarily produce the things you say it will produce. Technological change occurred for thousands of years before capitalism, we just convientently forget that this was and is the case--and in recent years some of the more important changes have been the result of appropriating knowledge produced in this way (i.e. biopiracy) because capitalism's profit motives don't always work in the way you seem to assume they do. Social relations of capitalism (especially those of monopoly capitalism) often actually mitigate against innovation; and as Michael Perelman has discussed in many places, it is a complete misrepresentation of history to leave out the state as a major funder of basic science and technological research. In other words, some of the greatest innovations have happened in non-profit seeking situations ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ I am not saying that it will always produce what it did. Just that it did. Technological change did occur before capitalism, just not at the same pace. You can either attribute that speed up to capitalism or to some separate entity called technology. I have no idea how one would even do the latter. Do you really think that "some of the more important changes have been the result of appropriating knowledge produced" by biopiracy? Sure there has been some innovations through biopiracy, not many, but how do you separate this piracy from the capitalist drive to innovate? Again, how does one separate an innovation in science or in a means to extract technologies from capitalist social relations? You seem to be assuming that there are discrete social systems that have not been impacted by other discrete societies or by capitalism. That is not the case and has never been, read Eric Wolf. I never said capitalist profit motives only produce positive effects. State innovations are not outside capitalism or are not non-profit seeking. Here again you are trying to separate sections of society out from each other and the impacts of capitalism.

This only works in your head, in abstractions from reality.

Sean:
>You are idealizing (along
with Brenner) a fairly complex set of relationships that in many ways feeds directly into the defense of these kind of exploitative relationships--themselves, full stop--without any clear need to investigate whether, in any given case, the correlation between capitalism and innovation actually exists--or, as Alan insinuated (IIRC) if the capitalist definition of innovation is truly an innovation. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- No, saying that capitalism has produced innovation is not to defend the exploitative relationships! Nor does questioning the capitalist definition of innovation mean that it hasn't produced actual good. That simply is not true and if it were then Marx, Lenin and many others would be guilty of the same. I would say that you are reducing complex systems into a 'everything in capitalism is bad, see how it is impacting these pristine areas of society' argument that fails to distinguish between the positive attributes of capitalism from its exploitative nature and is based on a false pure view of things you see as outside capitalism. This leads nowhere but reactionary romaticization of the past. Good luck getting people on board that type of project, other than the most conservative folks.

Sean:
>But even Brenner and Wood are clearly saying that it is the state and
the law that help to shift those relations--social property relations aren't effective without a state, at some level, to defend them. And whatever Wood's earlier proto-rat-choice positions might have been, her more recent positions in Origins of Capitalism and Empire of Capital are clearly positioned more in the vein that Doug has sort of insinuated here, namely that there is a sense that the promise of emancipation doesn't lie in the Scottish enlightenment but the French Revolution--that whatever the claims to capitalism to produce more stuff for everyone, this is only valid if that extra stuff is actually distributed more equitably. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ I have no idea what you are talking about. I said the exact thing you are arguing against me with. The point is precisely your last one though the point is how to get to this more equitable distribution, not returning to the past or denying the actual increase in *potential* living standards.

Sean:
>you're conflating capitalism with science which is just
ridiculous. And in the current moment, the use of science to merely further capitalism, rather than actually increase the long term sustainability of the planet seems to fly in the face of this conflation rather well. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Which one is it- are capitalism and science discrete social processes which would mean that science could advance despite the drives of capitalism, or are they internally related which produced the drive away from what is best for the planet by science because of capitalism? You are trying to have it both ways: capitalism is evil and corrupts and influences all and capitalism is not responsible for the good things. To accept that capitalism produced good is not to validate or apologize for the bad. Likewise, to say capitalism has produced social ills does not mean that therefore every aspect of capitalism is bad and it cannot be responsible for any sort of good. Your moralizing and letting this influence your analysis.

Sean:
> I can't quite get
my head around how people in the slums should thank capitalism for destroying their livelihood and sending them to the slums, but I guess it takes a perverse kind of first world paternalism to see this as an unmitigated gain for them.

and:
>You seem to see this as a benign systemic process
that we should simply accept as inevitably innovative and cheery. I say bullshit. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Who said they should? Who said it was an unmitigated gain for them? Who said it is a benign systemic process that we should simply accept as inevitable innovative and cheery? That's just misrepresenting what I have said. And I say bullshit.

Brad



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