The original edition of the Manifesto was published in German in London. Its cover page just has the date February 1848. It was printed between 14 and 18 February. Engels began an English translation in 1849 but did not complete it. The first English translation was by Helen MacFarlane in 1850 for the weekly newspaper, Red Republican. Her translation begins: "A frightful hobgoblin stalks throughout Europe..." The "authorised" English version by Engels and Moore was first published in 1888. -- Lew