> > FDR withheld intercepted Japanese messages from Kimmel and Short.
>
> Most historians say this claim is simply bogus, because there is no
> evidence linking the messages to any awareness by Roosevelt.
Just to clarify, as someone who's never really gone into this -- does this mean most historians accept that Japanese messages were intercepted that clearly indicated an attack on Pearl Harbor was imminent? And that the anti-conspiracist defense rests on the claim that these messages were unnoticed by anyone important at the time?
Or do the anti-conspiracy historians claim that these messages were substantially unclear and unreliable and were either lucky hits or rumors that were true in the same way that in a store full of stopped clocks, one will always be telling the right time?
In other words, do the anti-conspiracy historians accept the back-up claim that there was a clearly culpable intelligence breakdown?
Michael