This is flat wrong.
The very people who enacted the 14th Amendment also enacted the 1875 Civil Rights Act, which required the integration of public accomodations.
They would have included schools as well, since they had a majority of House and Senate members in support, but filibusters by the opposition blocked including integration of the schools in that 1875 Bill.
But the Radical Republicans who passed the 14th Amendment were quite radical.
Unfortunately, the quite conservative Supreme Court gutted the Reconstruction laws and licensed lynchings and Jim Crow across the South.
We'd be far better off if the Supreme Court actually did pay attention to legislative intent in passing the 14th Amendment.
Corporations wouldn't be people under the law and Reconstruction wouldn't have been ended by judicial fiat.
Nathan Newman