I dunno Yoshie - a year ago an SC reform episode - involving six countries trying to get second-tier status of permanent membership without a veto - taught us a great deal about leadership... (From Talk Left Walk Right, 2nd edn:)
There was earlier opposition to Mbeki's Bantustan elite function by the African Union (AU), especially Robert Mugabe but also the heads of state of Algeria, Burkina Faso, Egypt, Kenya, Libya, Mali, Sudan, Uganda and Zambia. In August 2005, these leaders opposed a compromise entailing two African seats without veto rights, as well as seats for Germany, Japan, India and Brazil. In effect, Mbeki offered the AU a global neo- apartheid solution by which the new members would sit at the table but have infinitely less power than the five standing permanent members, who can exercise a veto on Security Council matters. It was not unlike the apartheid reform strategy proposed by PW Botha in 1983 (and rejected by the ANC and other activists) to dilute the power of the majority with differential citizenship rights.
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