Dennis Redmond:
(3) Literacy today means multimedia literacy -- textual literacy plus cinema, television, music, theater, videogame and digital literacies.
John Gulick:
All of which are qualitatively equal, of course, in the capacities they evince.
This concept of "literacy" is so watery, it reminds me of the "developmental state." You might as well talk about how pre-literature cultureswere steeped in oral literacy, or how pre-linguistic cultures were steeped in gestural literacy (not that there's anything wrong with those).